Book 1 Unit 1

Factors

• Biotic Factor: An interaction between organisms in an area
  • Competition: A way organisms interact by gaining a share of a limited environmental resource
• Abiotic Factor: A nonliving part of an ecosystem

Levels of Organization

• Individual ➡ Population ➡ Communities ➡ Ecosystem ➡ Biome
• Population: Group of individuals
• Communities: Made up of all the populations of different species
• Ecosystem: A community of organisms and their nonliving environment
• Biome: Large regions characterized by climate and communities of species

Population Survival

• Niche: Abiotic conditions under which individuals can survive and the role they play in the ecosystem
• Habitat: A place where an organism usually lives

Energy Transfer

• Producers: Uses energy to make food
• Decomposers: An organism that gets energy breaking down the remains of other organisms
• Consumer: An organism that eats another organism
• Food Chain: The path of energy transfer from producers to consumers

Population Growth

• Immigration and Emigration
  • Immigration: When individuals join a new population
  • Emigration: When individuals leave a population
• Birth And Death
• Environmental Factors
  • Resource Availability
    • Carrying Capacity: The maximum number of individuals of one species that the environment can support
  • Changes in Environment

Predator and Prey

• Predator: An organism that eats other animals
• Prey: The organism being eaten by the predator

Relationships

• Mutualism: A symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit
• Commensalism: A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is unaffected
• Parasitism: A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and other is harmed